Tag: Vol.3 No.2 (2020)

Citation Rules Vol. 1-6

December 28, 2023 /
1. A Monograph with one author
Footnote Reference:
KELLNER, D.: Media Spectacle. New York, London : Routledge, 2003, p. 15.

Reference in Bibliography:
KELLNER, D.: Media Spectacle. New York, London : Routledge, 2003.

2. A Monograph wit more than one author
Footnote Reference:
JIRÁK, J., KÖPPLOVÁ, B.:  Médiá a společnost. Praha : Portál, 2006, p. 100.

Reference in Bibliography:
JIRÁK, J., KÖPPLOVÁ, B.: Médiá a společnost. Praha : Portál, 2006.

3. A Monograph with more than three authors
Footnote Reference:
VOJTEK, J. et al.: Dejiny svetových novinárstiev (anglického a amerického). Trnava : Fakulta masmediálnej komunikácie, Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave, 2010, p. 55.

Reference in Bibliography:
VOJTEK, J. et al.: Dejiny svetových novinárstiev (anglického a amerického). Trnava : Fakulta masmediálnej komunikácie, Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave, 2010.

4. A Monograph with no author
Footnote Reference:
Ilustrovaná encyklopédia ľudskej vzdelanosti. Bratislava : Reader´s Digest výber, 2009, p. 80.

Reference in Bibliography:
Ilustrovaná encyklopédia ľudskej vzdelanosti. Bratislava : Reader´s Digest výber, 2009.

5. A Monograph published in various editions
Footnote Reference:
HARTLEY, J.: Communication, Cultural and Media Studies: Key Concepts. 3rd Edition. New York, London : Routledge, p. 180.

Reference in Bibliography:
HARTLEY, J.: Communication, Cultural and Media Studies: Key Concepts. 3rd Edition. New York, London : Routledge, 2002.

6. An Electronic version of a monograph available for download
Footnote Reference:
MANOVICH, L.: The Language of New Media. Boston : MIT Press, 2001. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.manovich.net/LNM/Manovich.pdf>.

Reference in Bibliography:
MANOVICH, L.: The Language of New Media. Boston : MIT Press, 2001. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.manovich.net/LNM/Manovich.pdf>.

7. An article in the print edition of an academic journal or an article downloaded in an electronic version identical with the printed one – accessible via academic citation databases (e.g. PROQUEST, SAGE JOURNALS ONLINE, WILEY-BLACKWELL)
Footnote Reference:
PETRANOVÁ, D.: Rozvíja mediálna výchova v školách kritické kompetencie žiakov? In Communication Today, 2011, Vol. 2, No. 1, p. 74.

Reference in Bibliography:
PETRANOVÁ, D.: Rozvíja mediálna výchova v školách kritické kompetencie žiakov? In Communication Today, 2011, Vol. 2, No. 1, p. 66-83. ISSN 1338-130X.

8. An article in a journal published online
Footnote Reference:
KATUŠČÁKOVÁ, M.: Vybrané aspekty vedeckej spolupráce a spoločného využívania znalostí. Odporúčania pre kolaboratórium v projekte Pamäť Slovenska. In Knižnica, 2013, Vol. 13, No. 1, p. 11. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.snk.sk/swift_data/source/casopis_kniznica/2012/10.pdf>.

Reference in Bibliography:
KATUŠČÁKOVÁ, M.: Vybrané aspekty vedeckej spolupráce a spoločného využívania znalostí. Odporúčania pre kolaboratórium v projekte Pamäť Slovenska. In Knižnica, 2013, Vol. 13, No. 1, p. 10-14. ISSN 1336-0965. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.snk.sk/swift_data/source/casopis_kniznica/2012/10.pdf>.

9. An article or a chapter in edited (also conference) proceedings with one editor
Footnote Reference:
LULL, J.: Superculture for the Communication Age. In LULL, J. (ed.): Culture in the Communication Age. London, New York : Routledge, 2001, p. 133.

Reference in Bibliography:
LULL, J.: Superculture for the Communication Age. In LULL, J. (ed.): Culture in the Communication Age. London, New York : Routledge, 2001, p. 132-165.

10. An article or a chapter in edited (also conference) proceedings with more than one editor
Footnote Reference:
ZILLMANN, D.: The Coming of Media Entertainment. In ZILLMANN, D., VORDERER, P. (eds.): Media Entertainment: The Psychology of Its Appeal. Mahwah, London : Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000, p. 6.

Reference in Bibliography:
ZILLMANN, D.: The Coming of Media Entertainment. In ZILLMANN, D., VORDERER, P. (eds.): Media Entertainment: The Psychology of Its Appeal. Mahwah, London : Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000, p. 1-20.

11. An article or a chapter in an electronic version of edited (also conference) proceedings with one editor
Footnote Reference:
SURNAME, N.: Article name. In SURNAME, N. (ed.): Title of proceedings. Place of edition : Publisher, posting date, page range. [online]. [Date of access, yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <URL/electronic address information>.

Reference in Bibliography:
SURNAME, N.: Article name. In SURNAME, N. (ed.): Title of proceedings. Place of edition : Publisher, year of edition, range of article´s pages. ISBN. [online]. [Date of access, yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <URL/electronic address information>.

12. An article or a chapter in an electronic version of edited (also conference) proceedings with more editors
Footnote Reference:
PAVELKA, J.: Možnosti a limity sémiotické a naratologické analýzy jako nástrojů interpretace. In RUSNÁK, J., BOČÁK, M. (eds.): Médiá a text II. Prešov : Prešovská Univerzita v Prešove, 2008, p. 165. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.pulib.sk/elpub2/FF/Bocak1/pdf_doc/pavelka.pdf>.

Reference in Bibliography:
PAVELKA, J.: Možnosti a limity sémiotické a naratologické analýzy jako nástrojů interpretace. In RUSNÁK, J., BOČÁK, M. (eds.): Médiá a text II. Prešov : Prešovská univerzita v Prešove, 2008, p. 156-169. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.pulib.sk/elpub2/FF/Bocak1/pdf_doc/pavelka.pdf>.

13. A so far unpublished paper presented at a scientific conference
Footnote Reference:
HVÍŽĎALA, K.: Pasti české, slovenské i světové žurnalistiky: historické a současné. Paper presented at International scientific conference Megatrends and Media 2013 with subtitle Cultivation of Media – Opportunities and Barriers. Smolenice, presented on 27th March 2013.

Reference in Bibliography:
HVÍŽĎALA, K.: Pasti české, slovenské i světové žurnalistiky: historické a současné. Paper presented at International scientific conference Megatrends and Media 2013 with subtitle Cultivation of Media – Opportunities and Barriers. Smolenice, presented on 27th March 2013.

14. An article in the press (newspapers, journals and magazines)
Footnote Reference:
GALAN, P.: Obchodníci s kilami. In Plus 7 dní, 2013, Vol. 23, No. 42, p. 86.

Reference in Bibliography:
GALAN, P.: Obchodníci s kilami. In Plus 7 dní, 2013, Vol. 23, No. 42, p. 86-88. ISSN 1210-4040.

15. An article in an electronic version of the press (online versions of newspapers, journals and magazines)
Footnote Reference:
TOMA, B.: Banky zarobia na mobilných poplatkoch. Released on 3rd October 2013. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://peniaze.pravda.sk/ucty-a-karty/clanok/294962-banky-zarobia-na-mobilnych-poplatkoch>.

Reference in Bibliography:
TOMA, B.: Banky zarobia na mobilných poplatkoch. Released on 3rd October 2013. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://peniaze.pravda.sk/ucty-a-karty/clanok/294962-banky-zarobia-na-mobilnych-poplatkoch>.

16. A website or an article published on the internet with no author
Footnote Reference:
Worldwide Grosses. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.boxofficemojo.com/alltime/world/>.

Reference in Bibliography:
Worldwide Grosses. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.boxofficemojo.com/alltime/world/>.

17. A website or an article published on the internet with author´s name available
Footnote Reference:
KELLNER, D.: Cultural Studies, Multiculturalism, and Media Culture. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/papers/SAGEcs.htm>.

Reference in Bibliography:
KELLNER, D.: Cultural Studies, Multiculturalism, and Media Culture. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/papers/SAGEcs.htm>.

18. An official document available on the internet in full version
Footnote Reference:
Zákon o vysielaní a retransmisii č. 308/2000 Z. z. zo 14. septembra 2000. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.rvr.sk/_cms/data/modules/download/1364909855_zakon_308-2000_ucinny_2013-01-01.pdf>.

Reference in Bibliography:
Zákon o vysielaní a retransmisii č. 308/2000 Z. z. zo 14. septembra 2000. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.rvr.sk/_cms/data/modules/download/1364909855_zakon_308-2000_ucinny_2013-01-01.pdf>.

19. Weblog
Footnote Reference:
ALBRECHT, M.: Ako si hovorcovia a novinári zavarili. Released on 8th October 2013. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://marekalbrecht.blog.sme.sk/c/339283/Ako-si-hovorcovia-a-novinari-zavarili.html>.

Reference in Bibliography:
ALBRECHT, M.: Ako si hovorcovia a novinári zavarili. Released on 8th October 2013. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://marekalbrecht.blog.sme.sk/c/339283/Ako-si-hovorcovia-a-novinari-zavarili.html>.

20. A graphic component, a photograph, a table or a graph (available online)
Footnote Reference:
Trhové podiely televízií, počúvanosť rádií, predajnosť tlače a návštevnosť internetových portálov. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://medialne.etrend.sk/televizia-grafy-a-tabulky.html>.

Reference in Bibliography:
Trhové podiely televízií, počúvanosť rádií, predajnosť tlače a návštevnosť internetových portálov. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://medialne.etrend.sk/televizia-grafy-a-tabulky.html>.

21. A graduation thesis – dissertation, habilitation, etc.
Footnote Reference:
PETRANOVÁ, D.: Mediálna výchova v procese edukácie na Slovensku so zameraním na rozvoj kompetencie kritického myslenia. [Dissertation Thesis]. Nitra : Filozofická fakulta Univerzity Konštantína Filozofa v Nitre, 2010, p. 40.

Reference in Bibliography:
PETRANOVÁ, D.: Mediálna výchova v procese edukácie na Slovensku so zameraním na rozvoj kompetencie kritického myslenia. [Dissertation Thesis]. Nitra : Filozofická fakulta Univerzity Konštantína Filozofa v Nitre, 2010. 142 p.

22. An electronic version of a graduation thesis available on the internet
Footnote Reference:
GREČKOVÁ, M.: Premeny mediálneho obrazu českých olympijských športovcov. [Master´s Thesis]. Brno : Fakulta sociálních studií Masarykovy univerzity v Brně, 2013, p. 60. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://is.muni.cz/th/397299/fss_m/Greckova_D_P.pdf>.

Reference in Bibliography:
GREČKOVÁ, M.: Premeny mediálneho obrazu českých olympijských športovcov. [Master´s Thesis]. Brno : Fakulta sociální studií Masarykovy univerzity, 2013. 102 p. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at <http://is.muni.cz/th/397299/fss_m/Greckova_D_P.pdf>.

23. An accompanying material to lectures, academic courses or other teaching activities (its electronic versions included)
Footnote Reference:
PLENCNER, A.: Populárna kultúra – definície a základné znaky. Politická koncepcia populárnej kultúry Johna Fiskeho. [Electronic Document]. Bratislava : Univerzita Komenského, 2007, p. 4.

Reference in Bibliography:
PLENCNER, A.: Populárna kultúra – definície a základné znaky. Politická koncepcia populárnej kultúry Johna Fiskeho. [Electronic Document]. Bratislava : Univerzita Komenského, 2007. 12 p.

24. Multimedia formats available on the internet (audio, video)
Footnote Reference:
Oprah Interviews J. K. Rowling (Full Video) HD. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pxh2sgg_iyA>.

Reference in Bibliography:
Oprah Interviews J. K. Rowling (Full Video) HD. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pxh2sgg_iyA>.

25. An audio or video podcast
Footnote Reference:
BEDNÁROVÁ, L. (ed.): Hudba sveta_FM. Broadcast on 2nd October 2013. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://213.215.116.181:8001/fm/2013-09-23/414-Hudbasveta_FM-20-00.mp3>.

Reference in Bibliography:
BEDNÁROVÁ, L. (ed.): Hudba sveta_FM. Broadcast on 2nd October 2013. [online]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://213.215.116.181:8001/fm/2013-09-23/414-Hudbasveta_FM-20-00.mp3>.

26. A television or radio programme
Footnote Reference:
KREJČA, H. (Director of the Centre of News and Current Affairs): Televízne noviny. [The Main Evening Newscasting Programme of TV Markíza]. Broadcast on 28th September 2013. Bratislava : Televízia Markíza, 2013.

Reference in Bibliography:
KREJČA, H. (Director of the Centre of News and Current Affairs): Televízne noviny. [The Main Evening Newscasting Programme of TV Markíza]. Broadcast on 28th September 2013. Bratislava : Televízia Markíza, 2013.

27. A track on CD
Footnote Reference:
ADELE: Someone Like You. Track No. 11 on the Studio Album 21 by Adele. [CD]. New York : Columbia Records, 2011.

Reference in Bibliography:
ADELE: Someone Like You. Track No. 11 on the Studio Album 21 by Adele. [CD]. New York : Columbia Records, 2011.

28. A media content on DVD
Footnote Reference:
KERSHNER, I. (Director): Star Wars Episode V – The Empire Strikes Back (1980 & 2004 Versions, 2-Disc Widescreen Edition). [DVD]. Los Angeles : Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, 2006.

Reference in Bibliography:
KERSHNER, I. (Director): Star Wars Episode V – The Empire Strikes Back (1980 & 2004 Versions, 2-Disc Widescreen Edition). [DVD]. Los Angeles : Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, 2006.

29. An original production of VOD streaming services
Footnote Reference:
BIER, S. (Directed by): Bird Box. [VOD]. Los Gatos, CA : Netflix, 2018.

Reference in Bibliography:
BIER, S. (Directed by): Bird Box. [VOD]. Los Gatos, CA : Netflix, 2018.

30. An original production of VOD streaming services (television series)
Footnote Reference:
HWANG, D.-H. (Created by): Squid Game (series). [VOD]. Los Gatos, CA : Netflix, 2021.

Reference in Bibliography:
HWANG, D.-H. (Created by): Squid Game (series). [VOD]. Los Gatos, CA : Netflix, 2021.

31. Specific version of digital game (if necessary to state)
Footnote Reference:
ID SOFTWARE: Doom (Xbox version). [digital game]. Santa Monica : Activision, 2005.

Reference in Bibliography:
ID SOFTWARE: Doom (Xbox version). [digital game]. Santa Monica : Activision, 2005.

32. Digital games published within website with developer´s name available
Footnote Reference:
Y8.COM: Dead Void. [digital game]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.superhry.cz/hra/11321-dead-void>.

Reference in Bibliography:
Y8.COM: Dead Void. [digital game]. [yyyy-mm-dd]. Available at: <http://www.superhry.cz/hra/11321-dead-void>.

33. Digital game released on physical medium, including massive multiplayer online games1

Footnote Reference:
ID SOFTWARE: Doom. [digital game]. New York : GT Interactive, 1993.

Reference in Bibliography:
ID SOFTWARE: Doom. [digital game]. New York : GT Interactive, 1993.

1 A term digital game is used as the common name for all kinds of games – arcades, video games, computer games, mobile and handheld games, VR games, AR game, MMO games, etc.

Punctuated Play: Revealing the Roots of Gamification

December 31, 2020 /

ABSTRACT: Even at the apex of its hype cycle in the 2010s, game studies scholars and designers derided gamification. This article first explores why gamification inspired such vitriol. It finds the incursion of non-game corporations and entities into the field was a threat to those who fought so ardently to legitimize the profession and promote a more playful or ludic 21st century. The article then delves deeper into the literature of play to redefine what occurs when a player engages with a gamified app, such as the social media application Foursquare. It rescripts their activity as ‘punctuated play’, or when the competition, conflict, glory, and other aspects of traditional play pierce a moment but do not necessarily define it.

KEY WORDS: Foursquare, game design, game studies, gamification, ludology.

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Learning Beyond the Game: A Multimodal Analysis of Rocksmith Users’ Interactions

December 31, 2020 /

ABSTRACT: In the context of games for learning, rich multimodal conversations online can contribute to extending the educational potential of digital games. In this study, we analyzed the multimodal features of user interactions in an online affinity space dedicated to the Rocksmith digital game. This game allows users to connect a traditional electric guitar to a Sony PlayStation 4 console and interact with the game while improving their guitar playing skills. Findings show that users include several multimodal elements in their online conversations in order to support guitar learning beyond the digital walls of the game. Emoticons, emoji, pictures, YouTube videos, and user-generated videos are all part of a constellation of audiovisual modes that support social learning practices in an interest-driven online space. By understanding how users incorporate these modes in their interactions, game designers, game developers, and educators can make informed decisions on how to design and improve these features within the games themselves and in online communities of learning dedicated to such games. The findings of this study can also help these stakeholders and decision-makers create more engaging and more effective connections between games and online platforms

KEY WORDS: affinity spaces, games and learning, multimodality, online learning, Rocksmith.

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To Brand or Not to Brand: The Perception of Brand Image in the Digital Games Industry

December 31, 2020 /

ABSTRACT: The paper presents, discusses and analyses the role of building brand image in digital games. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and discuss in-game marketing in cultural spheres from the aspect of brand image. The aim is to explore, identify and present the relationship between brand image, consumer self-image and digital games as a brand. The contribution of this study is manifested in an interdisciplinary approach to work through marketing, psychology, sociology, and media theory. Consumers project their desires through digital games, and the brand’s entry into the digital game itself enhances the gaming experience and reality of the digital game. It was concluded that consumers want a realistic experience while playing digital games and they want to see famous brands within the game as this enhances their experience and projects the reality of the digital world. The core of brand image is consumers’ perception. In recent years, the digital game industry dominates this segment of the global entertainment economy. The paper analyses in-game marketing from the aspect of branding and sociology of culture. It is based on J. N. Kapferer’s theory of brand building and Huzinga’s theory of game. The article explores the meaning of the phenomenon of brand image and identity in virtual reality. The emphasis in this paper is put on the influence of brand image and digital game as a model of popular culture. This article adopts an integrated knowledge inquiry approach through thematic analysis to explain the concept of brand image. From the consumer’s point of view, the brand represents a symbol built on impressions, associations, metaphors and archetypes in the digital gaming industry. Brand loyalty is a key factor in building brand equity. The problem of brand loyalty appears as a reflection of brand symbol and its image. However, the oxymoron of in-game marketing starts from the hypothesis that consumers want to see brands in virtual realit

KEY WORDS: brand, culture, digital game, image, in-game marketing.

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Cancer on the Holodeck: Metaphors and Cultural Construction of a Disease through Digital Games

December 31, 2020 /

ABSTRACT: A study from the OECD published that Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in developed societies, with remarkably high prevalence, incidence and mortality rates for both sexes. This study closely examines nine digital games to elucidate how they conceptualize a disease like cancer around a narrative concerning the sickness, patients, treatments and outcomes. Discourse and content analysis techniques were applied to the message contained in the games looking to illuminate the connection between the narrative core, the audio-visual representation and the interactive aspects of the game, within the parameters of values-conscious design applied to digital games. This provides some evidence about the cultural and visual aspects of how game designers conceptualize the disease as a part of society. This research uncovers culturally embedded themes and reveals the prevalence of metaphor use in cancer discourse which relied on science, social support and spiritual convictions for social empowerment, building empathy and identification.

KEY WORDS: cancer, cultural industries, digital games, serious games.

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